Social Policy in the media
June 19, 2009 by admin
Category Media Seminars , Social Policy
The mode of production and relations of production in manufacturing power, and thus the economic, social, political, cultural, determines what is, inevitably, a derivative of all of these policies will determine the media. Because of such different systems, layouts, media policy regimes will be different. To reproduce the dominant ideology and to arbitration itself will benefit from the various instruments. Media in the existing systems, the arbitration process and re-orders the production of their most important, is one of effective tools. Based on a mode of production systems, layouts, as well as the provision of legitimacy, the media play an important role in the construction of consent practices. Because the thought of those who control the means of production by controlling the means of production to ensure that system and that it is both a necessity and an obligation to order (Marx-Engels, 1992). Such is the media's approach to social policy and practices related to the mode of production and relations of production within the framework of this mode of production will be manufacturing power. Undoubtedly, the dominant mode of production relations between the classes in society, conflicts, and conflicts in these relationships at different levels also affect the size of the media's approach to problems. The main determinant of the social policy area, such as the conflict between the classes, relationships and attitude of a subject in which the media also varies depending on the size of these relationships and conflict.
Media in a country dominated by the capitalist mode of production was to cover issues related to social policy prior to interrogate what is social policy must be stressed. In fact, a layout, the system in terms of understanding the importance of social policy, social policy, to what extent in the media was issued, is issued is not no sense in questioning how given. Economic activities have been built on private property, and greater profitability of a scheme, a system that reduces the rate of profit and profit areas of the arbitration scheme narrows to each application and who undertakes the task of reproducing in the media, these activities must be considered very carefully. Salary, social security, union organizing, collective bargaining, strikes and areas such as the effect on profit rates in the media always very attentive to the social policies and practices are discussed.
Social policy is a matter of a state with the most simple means, some of his efforts to raise the welfare of the members of interest groups "positive" response. Today, as yesterday, determine social policy, which is the most important institution of the state implements its "response" level is important, the determining factor. Because the issue of social policy as well as the state as an institutional relationship and conflict between social classes is related to the level and size. The State, working conditions, as a regulator in determining the relationship of social policy legislation in the name of the subject and defines the scope of the ruling class. That represents the interests of the ruling class and the state's justification for this decision and consent applications is dependent on the construction of institutions, there are tools. If there is a balance of power struggle and the relationship between the classes, unless there is an oscillation like a seesaw, the other on the class of the class domination of the dominant media play an important role in ensuring the construction and legitimacy.
Dominated by the neo-liberal discourse, requested an increase of profit rates, profit fields broadening the scope of the arrangements made for a period of important social policy decisions and practices related to the mode of production and its relations with the media to be evaluated within the framework, efforts will be made to ensure the legitimacy of decisions. This scheme is nothing more than an effort to an arbitration system. The fortifications of natural resources to be allocated as a result of the implementation of social policy in favor of the ruling class, which is transmitted arrangements are made in this direction. However, some means is required for this process to convince and convincing. This media comes at the beginning of the means of persuasion. Yes, that is the "fourth" force which is claimed to the media.
"Fourth" force media neutral and independent? Or with a more meaningful question is neutral and independent media in a capitalist system, is it possible? If you are a capitalist system, capitalists protect their own interests first, then if they want to develop, so the society "internalize" a must. Profit area of the media, as a special property space, the party must be a part of this scheme and that in this order in a "natural". Of course, this order, the arbitration system to the system as a whole, the media, to justify the deal. That order, the system applies the country's "democracy" is a part depending on the level of different media, or take on an attitude of opposition. For example, stating clearly that since the workers, a party may have a media that specifies the location. This is a "natural". However, unlike natural or opposition, the strengthening of the alternative media, relates to the widespread extent permitted. Produce, distribute and transmit. These three processes are not met with the full meaning of "alternative" media is not possible to argue that free space is presented. Legal regulations and alternative media "production" process can be guaranteed. However, restricted distribution and transmission processes, it is not possible here to talk about freedom. Getirilse rather than the process of distribution, even if the "consumption" of liberty can not be mentioned again, are not met, the final stage of transmission. Being an opposition newspaper, allowed to freely produce, for example, made with the right distribution of Being, but sales at the newspaper "hiding", directly or indirectly exposed to beging with the reader policy buluşturulmuyorsa not possible to talk of liberty here. Of course, the same applies to other media.
Not a party, "independent political" is expressed in the media who brought a certain level to continue their activities, "income" are in need. Sources of income only "manufactured product" which is limited to the media the "relative" may be independent. However, the opposite of power and the media produced "product" to "consumer" structures for the delivery of some of the sanctions to prevent the condition. For example, should not experience problems such as the newspaper's distribution. Free, independent media, financial strength is not enough in the process of distribution, transmission, produced in the process of "product" must be independent in terms of delivery of the beneficiaries of the opposition wing. More importantly, they need not be restricted by law, as well as with market rules.
Make decisions about social policy and the implementation of the attitude of the opposition press, too, the determining factor, the mass media for-profit, organization, system, approach and attitude of the arbitration. In fact, to defend the private ownership of these media in accordance with the mode of production, increasing profit rates, profit is making efforts to expand coverage areas, a significant portion of revenues to the media, "product" is not selling, advertising and announcements that the companies provides for this product is produced, so that the dependent entering a relationship, since he takes the side of those providing income (Herman-Chomsky, 1988). Revenue generated outside of the product in question is a media-based advertising and advertising in the official announcements of the government and pressure groups play here with the advertising companies fall into that. This is nothing but a media statement to what extent zincirlenebileceğinin. These rules of the capitalist system of the game. Participating in the game each "actor" must know them. State capacity to maintain the ideology of the capitalist system and every time it is produced according to him, must be enforcement of the community. At the very least must tackle the problem of legitimacy. Such a society is the duty of the media. If you order, the system of capitalism as a mode of production in the media and the news has to be formed accordingly. In fact, the organization of the media in this capitalist order, the system would be appropriate. By acting in a way that corresponds to the selection of the media when choosing topics, with these issues and decisions haberleştirirken behaves very selective in making propaganda for the applications (Kellner, 1990). This attitude of Murdock (1982) in a capitalist order, the system-profit-making activities of these behaviors need to do to make a profit from the media to act more compatible with the findings coincide.
Social policy issues related to these issues in the media about the changes in the way the level, frequency, actually shows the size of the correlation between a country's democracy, not only the media's addiction and bias. Working relationships which is the subject of social policy, education, health, social security, employment, unemployment, income distribution, wages, trade unions, collective bargaining, strikes, such as looking through the many forms of matter was handled in the media is actually a system and order and as stated earlier in this be seen whether how democratic order thoroughly. Fiction within the framework outlined above, the main social policy point of view, three basic cases in Turkey can be queried through the media, can be evaluated: to strike, social security and privatization.
The period between 1936-1963 was a strike ban in the capitalist system integration with Turkey had made great efforts with the 1980-2008 period, a strike over the news, compared to very interesting results in terms of emerging media. Statist economic policies of import substitution and strikes during the period 1936-1963 observed, although forbidden, according to media after 1980, anti-communist discourse, industrialization and development in the face of such lofty goals "neutral" language, tried to act in accordance with the conception of journalism. At least after 1980, the mainstream media as well as critical, negating less frequently encountered in a journalistic sense. Although the ban on strike gidiliş scrutinized, and the views of the parties during the period between yansıtılmaktadır.1963-1980 with the Constitutional right to strike is guaranteed under the terms of the media reporting on the use of a legally enforceable right to privacy. However, during this period put forward by the weight of the private sector in the economy, the media has begun to reveal the identity of the media in a capitalist society. Strikes after 1980 in comparison with the media, except for the late 1970s, more "honest" work to remain in a position to be considered. Of course, we mean the media, who claimed to be the center part is the. After 1980, the media is a very clear way for the first time became a party to the strikes, strikes in the country's economy through yorumculuğa beyond journalism, so it is clearly harmful to society, dillendirmeğe started on a dare. For example, glass and rubber sectors on the grounds that the ban on strikes in the national security threat olumlayıp, meşrulaştırırken, these strikes is to do with national security into question. Trade unions and striking workers to strike, rapacious, money-hungry sectors shown.
Strikes on the right to social security, such as "news" also reveals an interesting picture in terms of periods. Arrangements made in the second half of 1940 to 1970 as a news media are usually taken up and olumlanmıştır. The term welfare state, the constitutional requirements are like having a time of social state. Retirement, maternity, sickness issues such as regulating social security arrangements with a language haberleştirilmiştir Tidings. After 1980 the main areas of the regulations relating to social security, although restrictive and restrictive, the media, this time to legitimize this approach. Burden on the budget, the black hole, these young retirees edilmeğe started. In fact, a simple social security retirement, illness or other problems is not the solution. Protected against a variety of risks of social security is a tool for the individual to look at the future with confidence. That the present and future, a man with a safe, stable, hopefully, a combative man, rebellious man. Social security-related restrictive, limiting the regulation of allegiance in this self-confident man, bestowed with the desire to transform a human being is nothing more than satisfied. Religious allegiance, and bestowed a part of community life. If you have bestowed allegiance and order, the system itself has been secured. Of course, the problem is not just limited to. Snow accumulates and is an important area of huge funds for the façade of the capital accumulation of capital is also important for social security. Snow fields genişletilecekse better than this, a suitable space is found. Private pension schemes and social security is not a coincidence that simultaneous restrictive regulations. Justification of the social security arrangements with the media about the class position and attitude compatible with the negative.
Young pensioners paradise, land of those who retire early at çalışılıp workers in Turkey accused of being lazy. Even employees convinced the media with striking examples. However, a simple comparison to another, indicating that fact. Laborers working 45 hours a week in Turkey legally in Germany, France and other countries in this period ranged from 35 to 40 hours. According to World Bank reports 50-55 hours of actual working hours in Germany and France, this time finding does not exceed 40 hours. Germany, France vacation will be a laborer, while the owner of a revenue to maintain the life of human dignity, will fit in, millions of people in Turkey is working below the minimum wage. Countries such as Germany and France for a long time after he retired workers, while workers in Turkey have died earlier this. Yazmayıp these facts, the social security arrangements, which suggests that the good of the country how biased the media is to the arbitration ruling in order to reveal.
1930s, 1940s media "nationalizing", "nationalisations" biased and as a party olumlarken, 1980 after the "alienation", "privatization" biased and affirms that as a party. Moreover, privatization efficiency, productivity, affirming on behalf of the media, the reason why most profitable, strategic institutions to customize, customization, not to run after the layoffs and lower wages, this suggests that handled the sale how many "dollars" has been put forward three, a great effort. Finally, privatization and marketization in the field of education and health also claimed that the inevitable, the community created inequality and the destruction of the right to health and education did not touch upon at all.
Block the use of the right to strike, the restriction of the right to social security privatization, the destruction of fundamental rights with the legitimate kılınırken society has the largest share of the media. This demonstrated once more that the media is a party to capital accumulation and removal of obstacles to those who have ownership of the means of production, speed up this process, increased or decreased the rate of profit, profit is making efforts for expansion of areas subject to the scope. With this addition to reinforcing the media's domination over other classes of a class is nothing more than a tool. Form of social policy issues in the media handled it very clearly shows us the truth. Not surprising in this, the side! ...
RESOURCES
Marx, K.-F. Engels (1992), The German Ideology, (trans. S. Bell), Ankara: New Left Books.
Herman, ES-N. Chomsky (1988), Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media, New York: Random House.
Kellner, D. (1990), Television and the Crisis of Democracy (Interventions: Theory and Contemporary Politics), Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Murdock, G. (1982), "Large Corporations and the Control of the Communication Industries", (in) Culture, Society and the media, (Eds. Gurevitch, M.-T. Bennet, J. Curran and J. Woollacott), London and New York: Methuen.
Information: Professor at the Faculty of Gazi University Faculty of Communication. Dr. Yüksel Akkaya, given on May 17, 2008 "in the media of social policy seminar on".
